Armoring Levels Introduction
Befor thinking of which level to choose in technical terms or according to what standard, you must know the environment the armoring that will be used in, threat level to people using that level,
NIJ
CEN
UL
Threat Type
Caliber
Glass Thickness
Ballistic Steel Density lbs./sqft.
I
N/A
1
Commercial
9 x 19 mm
1-5/16" OR 3/4" OR 1-1/4"
5.2
II-A
B1
2
Commercial
9 x 19 mm , .357 Magnum
1-1/4" Lexan laminated
5.2->10.4
II
B3
2
Commercial
.357 Magnum
1-1/4" Lexan laminated
5.2 -> 10.4
III-A
B4
3
Commercial
.44 Magnum
1-1/4" Lexan laminated
5.2 -> 10.4
III-A
B2
6
Commercial
9 mm Para
1-7/8"
5.2 -> 10.4
N/A
B5
7
Commercial
5.56 x 45 mm
1-7/8"
5.2 -> 10.4
III
B6
5, 8
Military
7.62 x 51 mm
44MM
10.4
IV
B7
N/A
Military
7.62 x 51 mm/LC/FMJ Military Ball
44MM to 75MM
23
(UL) Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (CEN) European Committee for Standardization (NIJ) National Institute of Justice
Glass
At first glance, bullet-resistant glass looks identical to an ordinary pane of glass, but that's where the similarities end. An ordinary piece of glass shatters when struck by a single bullet. Bullet resistant glass is designed to withstand one or several rounds of bullets depending on the thickness of the glass and the weapon being fired at it. So, what gives bullet-resistant glass the ability to stop bullets?
Different manufacturers make different variations of bullet-resistant glass, but it is basically made by layering a polycarbonate material between pieces of ordinary glass in a process called lamination. This process creates a glass-like material that is thicker than normal glass. Polycarbonate is a tough transparent plastic -- often known by the brand name Lexan, Tuffak or Cyrolon. Bullet-resistant glass is between 7 millimeters and 75 millimeters in thickness. A bullet fired at a sheet of bullet-resistant glass will pierce the outside layer of the glass, but the layered polycarbonate-glass material is able to absorb the bullet's energy and stop it before it exits the final layer.
The ability of bullet-resistant glass to stop a bullet is determined by the thickness of the glass. A rifle bullet will collide with the glass with a lot more force than a bullet from a handgun, so a thicker piece of bullet-resistant glass would be needed to stop a rifle bullet as opposed to a handgun bullet.
There is also one-way bullet-resistant glass available, which has one side able to stop bullets, while the other side allows bullets to pass through it unaffected. This gives a person being shot at the ability to shoot back. This type of bullet-resistant glass is made by laminating a brittle sheet of material with a flexible material.
Imagine a car equipped with this one-way bullet-resistant glass. If a person outside the car shoots a bullet into the window, the bullet would strike the brittle side first. This brittle material would shatter around the point of impact and absorb some of the energy over a large area. The flexible material then absorbs the remaining energy of the bullet, stopping the bullet. A bullet fired from inside the same car would easily pass through the glass because the bullet's force is concentrated on a small area, which causes the material to flex. This causes the brittle material to break outwards, allowing the bullet to pierce the flexible material and strike its target.
Laminated safety glass
Tempered safety glass
Armed glass
Protection against injuries and crashes
excellent
good
good
Protection against vandalism
excellent
Protection against break-in
excellent
Protection against bullet impacts
excellent
Resistance against explosions
excellent
Standards compliant
Yes
Yes
Yes
Steel
We switch the vehicle into a safe bubble by completely covering the chassis with ballistic steel for opaque areas in a way that it doesn’t appear from outside or inside the vehicle once its installed, depending on which armoring level your vehicle needs, we decide which ballistic steel to use, and add battery compartment protection, fuel tank and vehicle computer unit protection, also under vehicle compartment is covered.
Breaks & Suspension
Depending on which level chosen , the vehicle breaks and suspensions gets modified because of the new extra weight, sometimes replaced, that the vehicle will pass its original suspension test with its new weight, noting that you don’t have to worry about choosing suspension system as it has its standard that will be provided to you and has proven its success
Which Vehicle
Any vehicle can be armored, but engine power must take a very large part of this decision, imagine a 900CC vehicle, used to weight 1000Kg , then armored to weight 2000Kg , its engine will not be able to handle such weight, Least possible vehicle to armor should be a V6 or more,
Caliber
Caliber" is the term for size designations for bullets (projectiles) and the inside diameters of the gun barrels through which the bullets are fired, as well as for the complete cartridges (rounds) and the area--called the firing chamber--in which the cartridge is inserted at the back end of the barrel preparatory to the bullet being fired out the barrel.
"Gauge" is a term for a similar purpose in relation to shot shells (for shotguns).
Caliber is expressed in units of either inches or millimeters (mm).INCH DESIGNATIONS FOR CALIBER
A designation like .22, .25, .308, .32, .357, .38, .380, .40, .44, .45, or .50 is an expression of the approximate outside diameter, in inches, of the projectile (bullet) part of the cartridge and of the inside diameter of the barrel. The designation typically has some word(s) or abbreviation associated with it.
For example, ".22 short" refers to a .22 caliber cartridge with a short case and a light powder load. Other options of such .22 caliber "rimfire" cartridges include ".22 long, .22 long rifle (LR), and .22WMR ("magnum"). A .22 (caliber) rifle chambered for .22LR is commonly (but not always) able to shoot the short, rifle and long-rifle cartridges.
The case of the "magnum" is both longer than the others and has a diameter somewhat greater than the actual projectile diameter, so the magnum cartridges will not fit in a gun chambered for .22LR--and these cartridges produce considerably greater energy and projectile speeds.
The words "magnum" and "super" in caliber designations always mean more projectile energy than for cartridges without the word. The ".357 magnum" is a caliber for a cartridge that is closely the same as the ".38 special" except for the fact that its case is longer and contains more gun powder, and therefore produces greater projectile energy than the .38 special. The .38 special is the caliber for the revolver that was long the standard weapon for police and for civilian self protection. It and the .357 magnum are still much used in this manner.
A .357 magnum revolver can shoot .38 special cartridges in addition to the "mag" cartridges. This is done often for target practice because the smaller cartridges are cheaper and don't "kick" as hard. The .357 magnum is also used for hunting by people who like to give the animal more of a chance than they would get from a hunter with a rifle (the handgun hunter has to get closer, because the handgun is not as accurate as a rifle).
A cartridge with a very slightly smaller outside diameter than the .38 special is the .380 auto for automatic and semiautomatic handguns. The .380 cartridge case is shorter than that of the .38 special and holds less powder, so the cartridge does not produce as much energy as the .38 special.
Some of the inch calibers mentioned earlier generally refer only to cartridges for automatic or semiautomatic handguns. For example, the .25 and .380 are common calibers for such handguns but not for revolvers. Others calibers are common only for revolvers (like .38 special and .44 magnum). For some, however, there are cartridges for both types of guns. An example is ".45 Colt" for revolver and ".45 ACP" for automatic and semiautomatic. For some numerical designations there may be several different calibers differentiated by the appended word(s)/abbreviation.
".223" is a small caliber originally developed for warfare. ".270 Winchester" is a commonly used big-game hunting caliber. For some numerical designations, again, there are several different calibers that are differentiated from each other with word modifiers of several types.
There are also numerous rifle calibers that are identified with usually a two digit decimal number followed by a dash or a slash, then another number. Examples: .22-250 Remington, .30-.30 Winchester, .25/06 Remington and .30-06. The meanings of these second numbers are not consistent. For the "30-aught-six" the 06 refers to the year of invention, 1906.
METRIC DESIGNATIONS FOR CALIBER
Handgun calibers are commonly identified as something like "9mm Luger" or 10mm. These both are cartridges for automatic and semiautomatic handguns.
Numbers like "7.62x33mm" are metric designations for rifle calibers. This one is a caliber equivalent to the ".30 caliber carbine" cartridge. The 7.62 is the diameter of the projectile in millimeters. The "33mm" is the length of the cartridge case. Another example is "7x57mm Mauser."
SHOTGUN AND SHOT SHELL GAUGE DESIGNATIONS
One shotgun guage, the ".410," is a decimal inch designation for inside barrel diameter (i.e., the "bore"). Other guage designations are different. There are 10 guage, 12 guage, 16 guage and 20 guage. The larger the number, the smaller the barrel inside diameter. The numbers are the numbers of spherical lead balls--of diameters equal to the inside diameter of the gun--that are required to total up to a pound of lead. The greater the barrel inside diameter, the fewer balls are required to make the pound.
